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Prices & markets

The wholesale market index price

Every half-hour, the British electricity market settles a single price in pounds per megawatt-hour. Here's what it represents, who pays it, and why it swings so wildly.

A line chart of half-hourly electricity prices across a day, animated as it draws from midnight to midnight, with a moving cursor tracking the latest print.

What it is

The Market Index Price (MIP) is a half-hourly £/MWh number representing the wholesale price of electricity in Great Britain for a given settlement period. It comes out of the day's spot market: the place where generators sell their output and suppliers buy enough to cover the demand they're contracted for.

A single number for a single half-hour. The Price card on this dashboard shows the latest published MIP. Multiply it by total demand and that's the rough size of the British electricity bill for that thirty-minute block.

How it's set, and why it swings

The MIP is published by Elexon under the name APXMIDP (the "data provider" being APX, now part of EPEX SPOT, who run the auction). The mechanism in three steps:

  1. Day-ahead auction. At noon the day before, generators submit offers (the price they'd accept per MWh) and suppliers submit bids (the price they'd pay) for each of tomorrow's 48 periods. The auction clears at a single market-clearing price per period.
  2. Intraday adjustments. As real-time approaches, parties trade bilaterally to adjust positions: a wind forecast came in higher than expected, a power station tripped, demand looks lower. These trades happen continuously until the period closes.
  3. MIP publication. Elexon publishes APXMIDP roughly 10 to 25 minutes into the period: a volume-weighted average of trades on the EPEX SPOT intraday market for that half-hour.

For most half-hours the MIP is the price at which the marginal generator (usually a combined-cycle gas turbine) agreed to supply the last MWh of demand. Cheaper generators (wind, nuclear) get paid that same clearing price even though their offers were lower. This is what makes British wholesale electricity "marginal cost" rather than "average cost".

Why this produces wild swings: wholesale electricity is one of the most volatile commodities traded anywhere. A typical British day swings from £30/MWh overnight to £200/MWh at evening peak. Storm days have hit -£100/MWh (generators paid to switch off); cold-snap days have hit £2,000+/MWh.

The drivers, roughly in order of impact:

How to read it on the dashboard

The Price card shows:

The value is the wholesale price, not what households pay. Domestic bills include network charges, supplier margins, social levies, and VAT, together adding up to roughly 2 to 3× the wholesale rate.

Common misconceptions

Further reading